@article {3345,
	title = {Snail maintains the stem/progenitor state of skin epithelial cells and carcinomas through the autocrine effect of matricellular protein Mindin.},
	journal = {Cell Rep},
	volume = {40},
	year = {2022},
	month = {2022 09 20},
	pages = {111390},
	abstract = {<p>Preservation of a small population of cancer stem cells (CSCs) within a heterogeneous carcinoma serves as a paradigm to understand how select cells in a tissue maintain their undifferentiated status. In both embryogenesis and cancer, Snail has been correlated with stemness, but the molecular underpinning of this phenomenon remains largely ill-defined. In models of cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC), we discovered a non-epithelial-mesenchymal transition function for the transcription factor Snail in maintaining the stemness of epidermal keratinocytes. Snail-expressing cells secrete the matricellular protein Mindin, which functions in an autocrine fashion to activate a Src-STAT3 pathway to reinforce their stem/progenitor phenotype. This pathway is activated by the engagement of Mindin with the leukocyte-specific integrin, CD11b (ITGAM), which is also unexpectedly expressed by epidermal keratinocytes. Interestingly, disruption of this signaling module in human cSCC attenuates tumorigenesis, suggesting that targeting Mindin would be a promising therapeutic approach to hinder cancer recurrence.</p>
},
	keywords = {Carcinoma, Squamous Cell, Cell Line, Tumor, Epithelial Cells, Extracellular Matrix Proteins, Humans, Integrins, Neoplasm Proteins, Neoplasm Recurrence, Local, Neoplastic Stem Cells, Skin Neoplasms, Snail Family Transcription Factors},
	issn = {2211-1247},
	doi = {10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111390},
	author = {Badarinath, Krithika and Dam, Binita and Kataria, Sunny and Zirmire, Ravindra K and Dey, Rakesh and Kansagara, Gaurav and Ajnabi, Johan and Hegde, Akshay and Singh, Randhir and Masudi, Tafheem and Sambath, Janani and Sachithanandan, Sasikala P and Kumar, Prashant and Gulyani, Akash and He, You-Wen and Krishna, Sudhir and Jamora, Colin}
}
@article {2267,
	title = {Histological and Immunohistochemical Examination of Stem Cell Proliferation and Reepithelialization in the Wounded Skin.},
	journal = {Bio Protoc},
	volume = {11},
	year = {2021},
	month = {2021 Jan 20},
	pages = {e3894},
	abstract = {<p>The skin is the largest organ that protects our body from the external environment and it is constantly exposed to pathogenic insults and injury. Repair of damage to this organ is carried out by a complex process involving three overlapping phases of inflammation, proliferation and remodeling. Histological analysis of wounded skin is a convenient approach to examine broad alterations in tissue architecture and investigate cells in their indigenous microenvironment. In this article we present a protocol for immunohistochemical examination of wounded skin to study mechanisms involved in regulating stem cell activity, which is a vital component in the repair of the damaged tissue. Performing such histological analysis enables the understanding of the spatial relationship between cells that interact in the specialized wound microenvironment. The analytical tools described herein permit the quantitative measurement of the regenerative ability of stem cells adjacent to the wound and the extent of re-epithelialization during wound closure. These protocols can be adapted to investigate numerous cellular processes and cell types within the wounded skin.</p>
},
	issn = {2331-8325},
	doi = {10.21769/BioProtoc.3894},
	author = {Gund, Rupali and Zirmire, Ravindra and J, Haarshaadri and Kansagara, Gaurav and Jamora, Colin}
}
