TitleEngineered RNA biosensors enable ultrasensitive SARS-CoV-2 detection in a simple color and luminescence assay.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2021
AuthorsChakravarthy A, Nandakumar A, George G, Ranganathan S, Umashankar S, Shettigar N, Palakodeti D, Gulyani A, Ramesh A
JournalLife Sci Alliance
Volume4
Issue12
Date Published2021 12
ISSN2575-1077
KeywordsBiosensing Techniques, COVID-19, Humans, Luminescence, Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques, RNA, RNA, Viral, SARS-CoV-2
Abstract

The continued resurgence of the COVID-19 pandemic with multiple variants underlines the need for diagnostics that are adaptable to the virus. We have developed toehold RNA-based sensors across the SARS-CoV-2 genome for direct and ultrasensitive detection of the virus and its prominent variants. Here, isothermal amplification of a fragment of SARS-CoV-2 RNA coupled with activation of our biosensors leads to a conformational switch in the sensor. This leads to translation of a reporter protein, for example, LacZ or nano-lantern that is easily detected using color/luminescence. By optimizing RNA amplification and biosensor design, we have generated a highly sensitive diagnostic assay that is capable of detecting as low as 100 copies of viral RNA with development of bright color. This is easily visualized by the human eye and quantifiable using spectrophotometry. Finally, this PHAsed NASBA-Translation Optical Method (PHANTOM) using our engineered RNA biosensors efficiently detects viral RNA in patient samples. This work presents a powerful and universally accessible strategy for detecting COVID-19 and variants. This strategy is adaptable to further viral evolution and brings RNA bioengineering center-stage.

DOI10.26508/lsa.202101213
Alternate JournalLife Sci Alliance
PubMed ID34593555