TitleA salience hypothesis of stress in PTSD.
Publication TypeJournal Article
Year of Publication2021
AuthorsChakraborty P, Chattarji S, Jeanneteau F
JournalEur J Neurosci
Volume54
Issue11
Pagination8029-8051
Date Published2021 12
ISSN1460-9568
KeywordsAnimals, Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor, Glucocorticoids, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic
Abstract

Attention to key features of contexts and things is a necessary tool for all organisms. Detecting these salient features of cues, or simply, salience, can also be affected by exposure to traumatic stress, as has been widely reported in individuals suffering from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Interestingly, similar observations have been robustly replicated across many animal models of stress as well. By using evidence from such rodent stress paradigms, in the present review, we explore PTSD through the lens of salience processing. In this context, we propose that interaction between the neurotrophin brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glucocorticoids determines the long lasting cellular and behavioural consequences of stress salience. We also describe the dual effect of glucocorticoid therapy in the amelioration of PTSD symptoms. Finally, by integrating in vivo observations at multiple scales of plasticity, we propose a unifying hypothesis that pivots on a crucial role of glucocorticoid signalling in dynamically orchestrating stress salience.

DOI10.1111/ejn.15526
Alternate JournalEur J Neurosci
PubMed ID34766390